Chest surgery in India has made tremendous progress. It is a life-changing medical procedure that has revolutionized the treatment of various thoracic conditions. We’ve seen remarkable advancements in this field, with India emerging as a global hub for top-notch chest and pulmonary surgeries. From treating lung cancer to addressing complex thoracic disorders, Indian hospitals are at the forefront of providing world-class care at affordable rates.
In this article, we’ll dive into the types of chest surgeries performed in India, including minimally invasive techniques like video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and robotic-assisted procedures. Additionally, we’ll break down the costs involved, giving you a clear picture of what to expect when considering chest surgery in India.
Chest Surgery in India: Types
We have vast experience in treating various chest conditions, particularly through Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery (VATS or keyhole surgery). This minimally invasive approach has revolutionized chest surgery in India, offering patients shorter recovery times and reduced post-operative pain.
Lung Surgery
The most common types of lung surgeries include:
- Lobectomy: This involves removing an entire lobe of the lung and is the most frequently performed chest surgery procedure
- Pneumonectomy: In this surgery, we remove the whole lung. It’s recommended when the lung is completely destroyed or has extensive disease or a lung cancer is in the central area of the lung and involves multiple lobes.
- Wedge Resection: This procedure removes a small portion of lung tissue. It’s often done when a lung cancer is caught very early or for some other forms of lung nodules.
- Segmentectomy: Here, we remove one or more segments of a lobe, preserving more healthy lung tissue than a lobectomy.
Some common conditions in which Lung Surgery is performed are:
- Lung cancer
- Aspergilloma (Fungus Ball)
- Bronchiectasis
- Destroyed Lung
- Hydatid Cyst
- Lung Abscess
- Lung Cavities
- Lung Bullae
- Sequestration
- CCAM
- Lung Nodules
We prefer using minimally invasive techniques like VATS or RATS for these procedures whenever possible. In VATS or RATS, we make small incisions and use a camera to guide the surgery, resulting in less pain and a quicker recovery for patients.
Esophageal Surgery
Esophageal cancer is another condition we frequently treat through chest surgery. The primary surgical procedure for this is called an esophagectomy, which involves removing part or all of the esophagus.
There are different approaches to esophagectomy, including:
- Transhiatal Esophagectomy: The esophagus is removed through incisions in the abdomen and neck.
- Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy: This involves incisions in the abdomen and chest.
- Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy: We use small incisions and specialized instruments, often with robotic assistance, to remove the esophagus.
After removing the affected portion of the esophagus, we reconstruct it using tissue from another part of the body, typically the stomach. This complex procedure requires significant expertise, and we’re proud to offer it as part of our comprehensive chest surgery services in India.
Mediastinal Tumor Surgery
Mediastinal tumors are growths that occur in the area between the lungs. These tumors can be benign or malignant and may arise from various tissues in the chest cavity.
The surgical approach for mediastinal tumors depends on their location:
- Anterior Mediastinal Tumors: These often involve the thymus gland and may be associated with conditions like myasthenia gravis. We typically remove these tumors through a median sternotomy or using minimally invasive techniques.
- Middle Mediastinal Tumors: These can include cysts or lymph node enlargements. The surgical approach varies based on the specific location and nature of the tumor.
- Posterior Mediastinal Tumors: Often neurogenic in origin, these tumors are usually removed using VATS or robotic-assisted surgery.
As a leading thoracic surgeon, I emphasize the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in treating mediastinal tumors. We collaborate with oncologists, radiologists, and pathologists to ensure the best possible outcomes for our patients.
https://youtu.be/oN_lkStD4Q0?si=YAamGChPY_RNmoYP
Pleural Surgery
The pleural cavity is the space that lies between the pleura, the two thin membranes that line and surround the lungs.
Empyema Thoracis
Empyema is a collection of pus in between the lung and the inner surface of the chest wall (pleural space). Common causes for empyema are tuberculosis, pneumonia, penetrating chest injury, esophageal rupture, complications from lung surgery, or inoculation of the pleural cavity after needle aspiration or chest tube placement. In stage 2 and stage 3 empyema a thick peel forms over the lung surface and inner lining of the chest and restricts the expansion of the lung along with poor penetration of antibiotics. VATS decortication removes all the pus from the chest cavity along with the complete peel allowing the lung to expand.
https://youtu.be/EycUmxvCgPc?si=R0_rAOJSRii0FDeM
Hemothorax
Hemothorax is a condition wherein blood collects between the chest wall and the lungs. Most common cause of hemothorax is chest injury. Hemothorax is commonly treated by inserting a tube into the chest cavity. Sometimes the blood is clotted or loculated or may get infected to form an empyema. These patients often need surgical drainage. We do treat these patients by keyhole surgery. Broken ribs (usually seen in patients with trauma) may also be fixed during the surgery if indicated.
Diaphragm related Surgery
Diaphragm, a dome-shaped, muscular and membranous structure that separates the thoracic (chest) and abdominal cavities. It is the primary muscle used in respiration, as the diaphragm contracts, the volume of the thoracic cavity increases and air is drawn into the lungs.
Eventration & Paralysis of Diaphragm
The term ‘diaphragmatic eventration’ is used in common practice to describe a condition of relaxation of the diaphragmatic dome. It may present at birth as a congenital condition due to a defect of diaphragmatic development or in a later stage of life as an acquired condition (‘acquired diaphragmatic paralysis’ or ‘acquired diaphragmatic elevation’). The patients may experience respiratory symptoms such as breathlessness, cough or chest pain, particularly on exertion. The goal of surgical correction is to place the diaphragmatic leaflet in a position of maximum inspiration which relieves compression on the lung parenchyma and allows its re-expansion.
We offer key-hole surgery/robotic plication to these patients with excellent outcomes
https://youtu.be/TPQ01VbHX54?si=k0jxcVvFkqHXA8k3
Diaphragmatic Hernia
Holes in the diaphragm leading to abdominal structures coming into thoracic cavities. This can be due to some injury /trauma, post-surgery or even from birth. These have to be repaired irrespective of whether they are symptomatic or not. We offer minimally invasive/VATS/robotic techniques for the problem.
Chest Wall and Rib Surgery
The chest wall is also known as a thoracic wall, it is the boundary of the thoracic cavity and contains the skin, muscles and ribs.
Chest wall Tumors
Chest wall tumors may be malignant (cancerous) or benign (non-cancerous), and may originate there or have spread from elsewhere. Treatment can vary based on factors such as the type of tumor and the stage of its progression. Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment for most early-stage chest wall tumors. Additional treatment can include radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. At Max Hospital the thoracic surgeon will coordinate a team of specialists in the management of this disease, to offer chest wall resection and reconstruction.
Rib Fractures
Broken ribs, also known as rib fractures, can be a painful and debilitating injury. They occur when one or more of the ribs crack or break due to trauma. Most common causes of trauma are a fall or a direct blow to the chest like in cases of road traffic accidents or assualt. Occasionally, especially in patients with osteoporosis or cancer, rib fractures can occur on coughing. Rib fractures under certain situations would require Fixation with screws and plates.
Deformities
Chest wall deformities are structural abnormalities in the chest. These structural abnormalities can be classified into two different types:
1. Pectus excavatum: known as “sunken” or “funnel” chest,
2. Pectus carinatum: known as “pigeon” chest
In conclusion, chest surgery in India has made significant advancements, particularly in minimally invasive techniques. As we continue to innovate and improve our surgical approaches, we aim to provide world-class care to patients with various thoracic conditions.
Cost of Chest Surgery in India
We understand that cost is a significant factor when considering chest surgery. In India, we offer world-class thoracic procedures at a fraction of the price you’d find in Western countries. Let’s break down the costs and factors that influence them.
Factors Affecting Cost
Several elements contribute to the overall expense of chest surgery in India:
- Type of Procedure: The complexity and duration of the surgery play a crucial role in determining the cost. For instance, a simple video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) procedure may be less expensive than a complex open chest surgery.
- Surgeon’s Expertise: The fees of highly experienced thoracic surgeons may be higher, but their expertise often leads to better outcomes.
- Hospital Choice: The cost can vary significantly depending on the hospital’s location, reputation, and facilities. Metropolitan hospitals generally charge more than those in smaller cities.
- Duration of Hospital Stay: Longer stays due to complex procedures or post-operative care requirements can increase the overall cost.
- Additional Medical Examinations: Diagnostic tests like CT scans, MRIs, or specialized consultations may add to the expenses.
- Medications: The cost of prescribed drugs, especially for advanced cancer treatments, can impact the total bill.
Average Costs for Different Procedures
We pride ourselves on offering affordable chest surgery options without compromising on quality. Here’s an overview of the average costs for various procedures:
- Lung Cancer Surgery: The cost typically ranges from INR 350,000 to INR 7,50,000, depending on the complexity of the procedure
- Esophageal Cancer Surgery: On average, this procedure costs between INR 4,00,000 to INR 8,00,000
- Mediastinal Tumor Surgery: The cost varies based on the tumor’s location and the surgical approach required. Average is around INR 300,000
- Minimally Invasive Procedures: VATS and robotic-assisted surgeries often have higher costs due to more consumables usage, although it can sometimes be offset by shorter hospital stay
It’s important to note that these figures are estimates, and the final cost may vary based on individual cases and specific hospital charges.
Comparison of Chest Surgery in India with Other Countries
When it comes to chest surgery, India offers significant cost savings compared to Western countries. Here’s how we stack up:
- United States: Chest surgeries in the U.S. can cost up to 60-90% more than in India.
- United Kingdom: Procedures in the UK are typically 50-70% more expensive than in India.
- Singapore and Thailand: While these countries offer competitive prices, India still maintains an edge in terms of cost-effectiveness.
For example, a heart valve replacement surgery that costs around INR 1.67 crore in the US and INR 75 lakh in the UK would cost only about INR 6.7 lakh in India.
We believe in transparency, so we provide detailed cost breakdowns to our patients. This includes pre-surgery tests, surgery costs, medication expenses, and follow-up consultation fees. Our goal is to make world-class chest surgery accessible and affordable to all.
In conclusion, while the cost of chest surgery in India is significantly lower than in many other countries, we never compromise on the quality of care. Our state-of-the-art facilities, experienced thoracic surgeons, and advanced surgical techniques ensure that you receive the best possible treatment at a fraction of the cost you’d pay elsewhere.
Conclusion: Chest Surgery in India
Chest surgery in India has made significant strides, offering world-class care at affordable rates. The advancements in minimally invasive techniques, like VATS and robotic-assisted procedures, have had a major impact on patient outcomes. Top hospitals like Max Superspeciality Hospital, Saket, Delhi is providing expert care for a wide range of thoracic conditions.
The cost-effectiveness of chest surgery in India is a game-changer for patients worldwide. With prices significantly lower than in Western countries, India has become a go-to destination for high-quality thoracic procedures. This combination of cutting-edge technology, skilled surgeons, and affordable care puts India in a unique position to meet the growing global demand for advanced chest surgeries. As the field continues to evolve, India is well-positioned to maintain its status as a leader in thoracic care.
FAQs
- What are the most frequently performed chest surgery in India?
Decortication and lobectomy, are among the most common types of thoracic surgeries performed in India.
What is the typical duration of a chest surgery?
A standard thoracotomy, which involves making an incision near the shoulder blade, usually lasts between three to four hours. During this time, patients are under anesthesia to ensure they remain asleep and pain-free throughout the procedure.
What is the cost of undergoing chest surgery in India?
The cost of chest surgery in India can vary widely depending on several factors including the type of surgery, the hospital where it is performed, and the specific medical needs of the patient. Generally, India is known for offering medical procedures at a lower cost compared to many Western countries.
What are the risks associated with chest surgery?
Chest surgeries, like all surgical interventions, come with potential risks. These can include infection, bleeding, irregular heart rhythms, pain, and complications like air leakage from the lungs. Procedures that utilize robotic assistance may also lead to longer surgical times and extended durations under anesthesia, potentially increasing the risk of complications.
